Baze puts lethal injection in Virginia in doubt
Baze puts lethal injection in Virginia in doubt because it sets a clear standard for lethal injection under the Eighth Amendment that is easier for inmates to meet than the standard that has been applied in Virginia and that Virginia cannot pass because of its indefensible protocol.

In Baze, the Supreme Court (through 7 opinions!) affirmed the judgment of the lower court finding that Kentucky's administration of lethal injection does not violate the Eighth Amendment.  In doing so, the Court attempted to clarify one major issue: the Eighth Amendment Standard.  But because Baze did not challenge a number of aspects of lethal injection, and because the administration of lethal injection in Kentucky has many more safeguards than many other states, the decision ultimately re-opens the lethal injection challenges in many states.

The Eighth Amendment standard articulated by the Justice Roberts' plurality in Baze appears clearly easier for inmates to satisfy than the "deliberate indifference" standard used by the VA courts.  In addition, Kentucky uses two key safeguards lacking in Virginia: 1) medically trained IV team members; and 2) monitoring of anesthesia depth of the inmate after anesthesia and prior to continuing the drugs. 

Yet Baze only challenged the administration of the drugs, not the drugs themselves, so that issue is also open to a likely winning challenge because of the inappropriateness of sodium thiopental and pancuronium.  In addition, a challenge to the drugs in VA is likley to be more succesful than other states because Virginia uses the least amount of thiopental (2g vs. 3g in Baze) of any state.  

Baze also did not address the issue of cut-downs.  Virginia's response to the issue of cut-downs has been typical: secrecy.  Instead of addressing the issue in a constitutional and humane way, Virginia has removed cut-downs from its lethal injection procedure as a strategy, and claims they are not necessary.  Yet Virginia continues to practice cut-downs (surgical procedure to allow IV access) in lethal injection under the cover of secrecy.

The Baze court, through its multiple opinions, clearly anticipates further lethal injection litigation.  Because Virginia courts have been using an incorrect and strict legal standard, and because the protocol in Virginia is perhaps the worst in the nation because of the 2g grams of thiopental and the lack of medical training of the executioners, it  appears likley that the Virginia protocol will meet with a successful court challenge if the DOC or legislature does not undertake simple and obvious steps to implement a more humane protocol. 



-- Jon Sheldon
Board President, VADP